Luanda: Exhibition-Fair Angola 1938
A forgotten or concealed episode of the history of Angola, and a
magnificent photographic album about a colonial exhibition that remained
ignored. The photographer Firmino Marques da Costa, hidden under the
pseudonym C. Duarte; Vasco Vieira da Costa, a customs official and a
great architect before he even was one; A Governor-General who
represented the economic interests of the colonists against the
centralism of Lisbon - Coronel António Lopes Mateus; and the democrat
and autonomist Dr. António Gonçalves Videira, who delivered a speech on
behalf of his “colleagues”.
Two years before the imperial Exhibition of the Portuguese World (“Exposição de Mundo Português”, 1940), a very large Exhibition-Fair was held in Luanda, that did not go down in colonial history. Its was meant to display the economic development of Angola in an “expressive and comprehensive documentary”, rather than exalt the regime’s historicist programme and imperial mystique - the norm with colonial exhibitions, such as the Historical Exhibition of the Occupation (“Exposição Histórica da Ocupação”) held in 1937, in the Eduardo VII Park in Lisbon. The exhibition was meant as a “broad demonstration of the results of our colonizing efforts in Angola” [“our” referring to the colonists] and should “follow an eminently utilitarian and practical orientation (…) providing particular emphasis on matters of economic nature”, wrote Governor-General Colonel António Lopes Mateus (from 1935 to 1939) in the preamble to the ordinance that determined the creation of the event1. It was inaugurated on the occasion of President Carmona’s visit to the Colonies in 1938, but it was clear that welcoming the visit was not the purpose behind the endeavor. The Exhibition-Fair was meant as an acknowledgment, representation or embodiment of the autonomic aspirations in face of Lisbon’s administrative centralism. Such aspirations had repeatedly been manifested and repressed since the early 1930’s.
Two years before the imperial Exhibition of the Portuguese World (“Exposição de Mundo Português”, 1940), a very large Exhibition-Fair was held in Luanda, that did not go down in colonial history. Its was meant to display the economic development of Angola in an “expressive and comprehensive documentary”, rather than exalt the regime’s historicist programme and imperial mystique - the norm with colonial exhibitions, such as the Historical Exhibition of the Occupation (“Exposição Histórica da Ocupação”) held in 1937, in the Eduardo VII Park in Lisbon. The exhibition was meant as a “broad demonstration of the results of our colonizing efforts in Angola” [“our” referring to the colonists] and should “follow an eminently utilitarian and practical orientation (…) providing particular emphasis on matters of economic nature”, wrote Governor-General Colonel António Lopes Mateus (from 1935 to 1939) in the preamble to the ordinance that determined the creation of the event1. It was inaugurated on the occasion of President Carmona’s visit to the Colonies in 1938, but it was clear that welcoming the visit was not the purpose behind the endeavor. The Exhibition-Fair was meant as an acknowledgment, representation or embodiment of the autonomic aspirations in face of Lisbon’s administrative centralism. Such aspirations had repeatedly been manifested and repressed since the early 1930’s.
